Irish datacenters now guzzle 23% of the country's electricity

(theregister.com)

153 points | by Bender 3 hours ago ago

99 comments

  • mrtksn an hour ago

    Isn't this a similar issue of doctors raised by taxpayers money doing hair transplant and cosmetic surgeries instead of working in much less profitable hospitals with sick people or European scientists and engineers risen by public education working in American tech companies or super rich people from all over the world buying all the homes in London which is valuable not because of its resources but because of the people there and now causing housing problems?

    They all have the same issues:

    1) Pricing that doesn't account for externalities.

    2) Those who bear the consequences are not those who reap the benefits

    • syntaxing 26 minutes ago

      In certain Asian countries, medical education is 100% covered but you must work at a public hospital for X years. I honestly think it’s very fair. If tax payers full funds your education, it should be mandatory to work in public services for X amount of years.

      • hx8 8 minutes ago

        This is common for teachers in many US states too -- spend X years teaching where we need you the most and we cover your degree.

        In the US a teaching degree might be $50,000, and medical degree might be $500,000. I'm not sure I want my state government covering half a million in education costs for one person... I know that we need doctors but I'd want to see some ROI numbers to justify such a high expense.

      • mrtksn 21 minutes ago

        Yep, that's common in many countries for doctors. Not much for anything else(maybe teachers too) and how much X is good enough is debatable.

        Certainly common resources are very vulnerable to incorrect pricing and profiteering.

        In the past there are many cases where local populations were deprived from their vital needs because some king/queen/sultan/khan etc needed that more.

      • carbocation 13 minutes ago

        That is essentially how it works in the US as well thanks to public service loan forgiveness for physicians.

    • hinkley 41 minutes ago

      What kind of plastic surgery are you looking to gatekeep?

      Because I guarantee you the people who pointed out that plastic surgery was covered have ideas of what that should be.

      Plastic surgery can include burn and emergency surgical scars (trauma surgeons are just trying to keep your insides in and your outsides out, and then they have to run to the next patient to do the same), and hair transplants can include head injuries or cancer surgeries in young people in addition to vain old men.

      When we discuss things like this in political arenas, nuance goes out the window and you're contributing to condemning little girls to walk around with giant patches of missing hair and people to tolerate visible scars that will absolutely be used to illegally discriminate against them for jobs that would allow them to afford their own procedures.

      • olelele 32 minutes ago

        He's talking about highly educated doctors taking jobs in private clinics instead of working in public hospitals for less.

        • mrtksn 28 minutes ago

          Exactly. In countries with medical tourism this not only pushed the doctors to work for tourists instead of the local population that sponsored their education but also the brightest doctors to do things like botox, nose job or hair transplant because its incredibly lucrative. Fields that deal with stuff like cardiovascular deceases or children have become leftover fields where only the idealists and those who couldn't get into the cosmetic stuff specialize.

      • mrtksn 37 minutes ago

        I think its obvious from the context what kind of plastic surgery, the vanity one.

        • hinkley 32 minutes ago

          I think it's obvious from 'all nuance is lost' that it does not matter, at all. You're inviting collateral damage, as I already said.

    • s1artibartfast 34 minutes ago

      The common thread in your examples is the idea of entitlements.

      Either entitlement to the doctors/engineers labor or a house one doesnt own.

      I dont think externalities is the most useful model for thinking about this because it is easy to construct a more favorable hypothetical. That doesnt mean one is entiteled to it.

      • slowin 28 minutes ago

        You are entitled to a benefit from your tax dollars being spent. Otherwise, it's just theft.

        • s1artibartfast 20 minutes ago

          No, no you arent. Money given without strings attached is just that. Claiming ownership of another humans labor is called slavery.

          It might be evidence that you or your government isn't benefiting you with its spending. That doesnt put obligation on the recipient.

          • slowin 14 minutes ago

            My taxes aren't "money given without strings attached". They are payment for services that benefit myself and others in the community. They're not a free gift for the government to hand out, that's theft.

  • HtmlProgrammer an hour ago

    My electricity costs 34 cent per Kw/h and I can’t afford solar panels or a renovation to air to water heating while the government insists we shouldn’t use oil / coal anymore nor logs or turf to heat our homes

    • hunterpayne an hour ago

      That's 7x the cost that I pay in the Pacific NW. Where are you?

      • dymk 5 minutes ago

        I'm in the PNW and I pay 11c/kWh (well, I would, if I didn't have solar). Seattle is 13c, King County averages 16c. Where are you paying 5c/kWh? That's exceptionally cheap.

      • Keloran an hour ago

        I am going to assume based on the fact that the article is about Ireland, and Ireland uses the euro, the commenter is in Ireland

      • s1artibartfast an hour ago

        Paying 50 cents here in California. Running the electric oven costs literal dollars. However, this isnt new. Im hoping the data centers bring more attention to our state run cartel and push it over a tipping point.

    • IncreasePosts 33 minutes ago

      At 34 cents per kwh how can you afford to not get solar?

  • pizzafeelsright 2 hours ago

    That is about 3% of California's total energy usage

    Or about 11,000 GWh which is about 4% of California which means without the theatrics:

    California has 4x more data centers than Ireland.

    California: ~810 watts per person. (278,000 GWh / 39.4 million people)

    Ireland: ~690 watts per person. (32,000 GWh / 5.3 million people)

    We have air conditioning and that may be why we use more POWAH

    • hinkley 35 minutes ago

      I'm actually quite surprised that California only has 4x as many data centers, with CA having more than 7x the population (not to mention being pivotal in the Information Age)

      • paleotrope 29 minutes ago

        California is not a great place to build data centers. If you need to service CA, there are better options

        • hinkley 17 minutes ago

          Oh yeah, power distribution is kind of a circus there isn't it.

    • JumpCrisscross 2 hours ago

      What fraction of Irish GDP is linked to datacenters? If I remember correctly from the pre-AI world, datacenters were at the heart of Dublin's industrial strategy, and they were credibly linked to a double-digit fraction of production.

      • stuaxo 2 hours ago

        Irelands big pull to these companies is to not tax them as much as other countries.

        • dboreham 2 hours ago

          That said, once built and lit up, it's hard to move a data center to another country.

          • dilyevsky 12 minutes ago

            Like 90%+ cost of a dc is actual computers which are pretty shippable

      • henry2023 2 hours ago

        Even in the hypothetical that datacenters would double Ireland’s GDP what real positive impact would it have if they pay zero taxes?

        • hunterpayne an hour ago

          The rest of Europe sued Ireland to get them to stop being a tax haven. Ireland basically refuses to do so. If they did, most of their economy evaporates overnight (and the US government gets a lot more tax revenue). Ireland's economy is basically 2 tax shelters in a trench coat.

        • a_paddy an hour ago

          They do pay tax, 12.5%. Plus employment during construction and maintenance. There's also ancillary investment in national infrastructure such as Google's CO2 battery

        • phs318u 2 hours ago

          Did you mean hypothesis?

          • henry2023 34 minutes ago

            I meant hypothetical, thanks for pointing it out.

  • hudo 25 minutes ago

    And got electricity price hike last year, and now few weeks ago again, from ~25c kwh, to around 35c kwh! They say its reliance on fossil fuels. Not just that, think Ireland has one of the most expensive broadbands in the EU!

  • lavela 4 minutes ago

    We need global minimum tax.

  • cbmuser an hour ago

    Ireland consumes roughly 40 TWh per year, that’s less than the production of four EPR reactors or two times Hinkley Point C.

    The country could easily solve its electricity problems with nuclear power. They can ask South Korea for help who built four reactors in UAE with 12 years which now provide 25% of the country’s electricity.

  • hahahaa 2 hours ago

    Is there a snowball effect where a big AWS region attracts more usage? Those snowballs are more significant in smaller countries?

    • EwanToo 2 hours ago

      Yes, the largest regions get new services launched in them first, and the widest range of hardware, encouraging more people to use them.

  • illwrks 2 hours ago

    A few years ago I was reading a recruitment report and was surprised to learn that Ireland is a large source of data scientists, so it’s no surprise really

    • teamonkey an hour ago

      I don’t really see the link between data scientists and datacentres, or even AI researchers and datacentres.

      The data scientists aren’t the ones working in the data centres. There’s no real advantage to having the data they’re working on next door unless it’s extremely lag sensitive.

      Local proximity of a datacentre is good for fintech, Netflix and gaming servers.

    • alephnerd 2 hours ago

      Yep. IDA's services FDI model helped attract much of the tech scene that exists in Ireland today. In the 1990s and 2000s no one would have expected Ireland to become the tech hub it is today without the IDA's foresightedness.

  • thegrim33 3 hours ago

    They chose to add the word "guzzle". They could have just written "Irish datacenters now use 23% of the country's electricity". But they made the editorial decision to add in "guzzle". What's the word for this type of propaganda, where they add in some sort of adjective that wasn't needed, in order to prime the reader on how to think/feel, rather than just objectively reporting the facts? What are the odds that the content of the article is objective and factual, given the decisions they made with the headline?

    • coldtea 2 hours ago

      >What's the word for this type of propaganda, where they add in some sort of adjective that wasn't needed, in order to prime the reader on how to think/feel, rather than just objectively reporting the facts?

      It's called an editorial.

      It's not supposed to be a mere report, concerned with respecting any random person's feeling about how all electricity consumption is equally valid and should be equally respected.

      • kevinpet an hour ago

        Editorials are a thing. This is not an editorial. It's structured as a news report.

        • hunterpayne an hour ago

          Credibility is a thing. Articles like this burn it quite quickly. It really is past time that the scientific community needs to make a public statement rejecting these types of "journalists".

      • fc417fc802 an hour ago

        It's called a value judgment and an emotionally charged tone. That's certainly a form of editorial but IMO not the good kind. If an outlet seeks to advocate for a cause it ought to do so in a well reasoned manner and with a professional tone.

        • beepbooptheory an hour ago

          Can you link to any examples of a good editorial by this measure?

    • fabian2k 2 hours ago

      Journalism is allowed to have an opinion, that doesn't make it propaganda.

      • Kon5ole 20 minutes ago

        >Journalism is allowed to have an opinion, that doesn't make it propaganda.

        How do you figure? Surely it becomes propaganda for the opinion?

        Journalists are not supposed to let opinions show in their reporting, that’s why editorials exist.

        • keane 9 minutes ago

          “I have given up on American journalism. The decline of the American press has long been obvious, and my time is too valuable to waste in an effort to supply the ‘man in the street’ with his daily quota of clichés, gossip, and erotic tripe. There is another concept of journalism, which you may or may not be familiar with. It’s engraved on a bronze plaque on the southeast corner of the Times Tower in New York City.” —Hunter Thompson, letter to William Kennedy, 1959

          “An institution that should always fight for progress and reform, never tolerate injustice or corruption, always fight demagogues of all parties, never belong to any party, always oppose privileged classes and public plunderers, never lack sympathy with the poor, always remain devoted to the public welfare, never be satisfied with merely printing news, always be drastically independent, never be afraid to attack wrong, whether by predatory plutocracy or predatory poverty.” —Joseph Pulitzer, May 10, 1883, quote appears on The New York Times bronze plaque

      • hunterpayne 12 minutes ago

        That opinion should be informed by facts and data. This opinion isn't really informed by anything except scientifically illiterate propaganda. That's the problem. Journalists larping as experts in something that they have absolutely no expertise or even the basic scientific background to understand. The amount of misinformation on topics surrounding energy generation is absolutely criminal and journalists are far and away the biggest spreaders of misinformation on this topic. If I could, I would make a journalist without scientific or engineering credentials talking about this topic a felony on par with murder. After all, they are causing significant amounts of misery in the 3rd world with their lies.

      • peab an hour ago

        there's an unnatural amount of doomerism against datacenters, of exactly this kind. It's pretty obviously astroturfed.

        • kridsdale3 an hour ago

          In case you didn't know, The Register has been deliberately using this kind of language about ALL topics for nearly 30 years. It's part of their appeal and brand, like The Onion. People choose to read The Register because they have this adversarial stance and humorous tone about tech.

        • vkou an hour ago

          The vast majority of the pro-datacenter 'externalities don't matter as long as I make money' is also pretty obviously astroturfed.

          The difference is that much of the communication on that end happens in backchannels, directly with the regulators, in secret meetings, without any possibility of public scrutiny.

          (When that isn't enough, the firehose of paid advertisements gets fired up to convince the public, instead.)

          • hunterpayne 7 minutes ago

            The vast majority of the anti-datacenter movement is funded by the CCP. That's why it is so lacking in facts. Most datacenters use closed loop cooling. That means it doesn't consume water for anything more than the toilets and water fountains. Yet this talking point pops up in almost every article on the topic. Part of the reason you are seeing closed door meetings now is because leaders know that the public is profoundly misinformed on this topic. It doesn't help when AOC is waving a jar of dirty water as if it is proof of something.

    • hinkley 21 minutes ago

      I haven't found a single source of Irish power mix over time but what I did find suggests that the amount of renewable power in Ireland has been spiking aggressively in recent years. I see something like 15% in 2024 from one source and >40% in 2026 from another. One chart (which I just found reproduced on wikipedia) of wind power is going up at like 600 GWh per year.

    • kazinator an hour ago

      > They could have just written "Irish datacenters now use 23% of the country's electricity".

      That's objectively described by "guzzle".

    • zzgo 2 hours ago

      Is The Register known for objectively reporting facts? If so, I have fundamentally misunderstood it for a quarter century.

      • JumpCrisscross 2 hours ago

        > objectively reporting facts?

        I believe so. They're not known for neutrally reporting them, which is different.

        • antonvs 2 hours ago

          Do Ireland's data centers objectively "guzzle" electricity?

          I don't have any problem with The Register, but reporting laden with value-judging adjectives is not objective.

          • teamonkey an hour ago

            Objectively, yes. It means to consume excessive or plentiful amounts of something, and 23% of Ireland’s electricity generation capability is objectively an excessive and plentiful amount.

            • antonvs 18 minutes ago

              The characterization as “excessive” is subjective. If you disagree, what are your objective criteria for making that claim? You fundamentally can’t give a correct answer to that, because it requires defining a threshold, and that’s subjective.

              If people seriously think claims like this are “objective”, I weep for our collective understanding of reality.

      • alephnerd 2 hours ago

        They basically re-report press releases. I've dealt with The Register as well as their sister publications back when I was still in product (especially during shudder RSA).

        The Reg keeps a snarky tone, but immediately becomes deferential once a vendor begins a content campaign with them.

        They also operated a bot account on HN for years that was spamming Register articles for almost 3 years and accumulated 66K karma until I and a couple others complained about it.

    • mikestew 32 minutes ago

      First time reading The Register, is it? Because I would expect no less from such a pillar of journalism as them.

    • egypturnash an hour ago

      I see you've never read The Register before. Their whole value proposition is "here is computing news from cynical, snarky viewpoint". Their motto "Biting the hand that feeds IT" has vanished from the masthead but it's still in their footer.

    • ralusek 2 hours ago

      Guess if people who write articles like LLMs

    • toomuchtodo 2 hours ago

      "Unwanted industrial users consuming over 1/5th Ireland's electricity."

      (Ireland has challenges getting enough renewable energy to the island, as well as connecting the northern and southern parts with transmission due to local citizens not friendly to the need for transmission infra; data centers do not belong in Ireland, build them in countries in Europe that have excess clean energy, Spain and France specifically, and eat any latency as unavoidable)

      • trollbridge 2 hours ago

        Yeah, but Ireland has a looser regulatory environment where it’s easier for a data centre operator to buy off the relevant government regulators.

      • alephnerd 2 hours ago

        > data centers do not belong in Ireland...

        Data Centers have been the cornerstone of Ireland's economy since the mid-2000s when the IDA began wooing tech FDI specifically by calling out data center expansion opportunities within the EU [0].

        Also, if Europeans actually wish to have a sovereign tech industry, they need domestic compute capacity.

        Complaining about American tech dependency and then immediately complaining about steps to build EU tech sovereignty is literally a contradiction.

        [0] - https://www.siliconrepublic.com/science/ireland-has-the-pote...

  • matttttttttttt 2 hours ago

    I read this as 'Irish Dancers now guzzle....'

    I'm sure they work up a sweat but probably not on the same order of magnitude

  • perching_aix an hour ago

    This article could have been a stacked bar chart with a caption. Maybe even should have been. Matter of fact, here you go people: https://imgur.com/a/s9KZRuQ

    Would have appreciated a bit more context too. This sounds very serious, but how does it compare in energy use per land area across countries? Or in absolute use? Maybe Ireland is just small? Maybe not very densely populated? Maybe efficient in its energy use otherwise? Maybe all of these?

    I also find the tone interesting. It's as if there was a threshold being approached [0], or if the rate was accelerating. But it's the opposite:

    > Their share rose to 23 percent in 2025 after passing 20 percent in 2023 and 14 percent in 2021

    So from 2021 to 2023 (+2 yrs) the jump was 6pp, and from 2023 to 2025 (also +2 yrs) was 3pp... meaning the expansion rate in usage share has slowed to a half? I could easily imagine a similar article celebrating. Once again though, visual: https://imgur.com/a/0eR3bl6 -- using the actual raw data instead. Basically what the article should have been.

    And what's with the random timeskips for the absolute data? Here's 2015, 2019, 2024, 2025, but not 2023 (only %), not 2022, not 2021 (only %), etc. So annoying. If we're throwing numbers around, then let's do it properly gents. The data is all available ^^.

    [0] Not only is there of course no threshold to speak of, the entire narrative framing is up in the air. Why does it matter how much electricity DCs use (in absolute or relative terms), and who does it matter to? Ireland's electricity use energy mix was recorded to be a suspiciously tight majority "green" in 2024 at least: https://www.iea.org/countries/ireland/electricity - could use all the energy they wanted if it was green energy, no?

  • hackerSkoolRoot 2 hours ago

    Are we allowed post masto links? I'm an Irish techie. I shot a video about this. Sorry about the camera shake:

    https://mastodon.ie/@handi/116900076149521593

    • infinite_spin 2 hours ago

      > Dump #datacenters - they are not critical Internet infrastructure!

      what is the alternative? I don't think self hosting is a robust/defensible option for a majority of internet services

      • spwa4 an hour ago

        Nobody hosts datacenters in Ireland because of capacity reasons. It's not a good location for power, people or connectivity. They host them there for tax reasons. You can bet your firstborn these datacenters are only the exact size that is the minimum allowed by tax law, not a square millimeter more.

        Yes, datacenters are critical internet infrastructure. But in Ireland they're more like a sailing ship with the sails mounted underwater, because that's cheaper for tax reasons.

      • naturalmovement an hour ago

        Maybe we ought to take away society's Spotify etc. and go back to trading cassettes.

        I predict it will last all of two days.

        You see the mentally ill chaos unfold within hours when DNS or a CDN goes down. Imagine taking their datacenter-dependent toys away for more than a day.

        How will they navigate job interviews (in between datacenter protests) without relying on ChatGPT to feed them answers?

        Sounds like a circular dependency to me.

    • pnw an hour ago

      You mention a "Chinese economic report". Are you aware the CCP has an active propaganda effort against Western data centers?

      https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/09/business/china-russia-ai-...

    • Aachen an hour ago

      Why wouldn't you be allowed to?

    • hahahaa 2 hours ago

      Excellent video. Thanks for making it. Thanks for sharing it.

  • j45 2 hours ago

    Canada seems better positioned for datacenters since they can power them locally with a multitude of options and not impact the local grid.

    • lemmox an hour ago

      FB just put shovels in the ground on a datacenter in Alberta. Bringing a new nat gas plant online nearby but it's a little quicker to bring the DC on than the plant.

      • j45 21 minutes ago

        It seems like local power generation is OK too in Alberta, meaning Natural Gas or Solar on-site without needing to connect it to the grid.

    • apercu an hour ago

      I lived in Ontario for 18 years and found power to be quite expensive compared to the midwestern US state I lived in before and after.

      I believe this is due to the concentrated population centers needing to subsidize the transmission to the least populated areas, and would guess this would have an impact on energy costs for data centers in Canada. But again, my experience is (mostly) limited to SW Ontario, where everything is fairly expensive.

      • j45 33 minutes ago

        The post above seems to point to Alberta as the best value prop.

  • alephnerd 2 hours ago

    Ireland has been a data center hub for decades - especially thanks to the IDA successfully wooing Microsoft back in 2007 [0], and it helped played a role in helping Ireland partially recover from the AIB and housing collapse back in 2008 and become the tech hub it is today. Heck, it was the corneestone of the IDA's tech FDI policy back then [1].

    Heck, Google itself only expanded in Ireland back in the 2000s in large part because they worked on acquiring Colt to build their European CoLo in Ireland, and data centers now represent around 18% of Ireland's total GVA [2].

    [0] - https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/hyperscalers/microsoft-p...

    [1] - https://www.siliconrepublic.com/science/ireland-has-the-pote...

    [2] - https://www.iiea.com/blog/data-centres-in-ireland-the-state-...

    • breppp 2 hours ago

      That and misappropriating a lot of the taxes of other countries in the process

      • alephnerd 2 hours ago

        It's not misappropriation. Other countries within the EU could be much more business incorporation and FDI friendly, and IDA Ireland tends to be one of the more competent trade promotion agencies within the EU.

        Why should Ireland undermine 13% of it's GDP [0]?

        Edit: can't reply

        > Telling American multinationals you will have them pay 0 tax isn't exactly a "tax policy" as such

        Ireland's corporate tax rate is 12.5% but drops to 6.25% if it's qualified R&D and IP income with an added 35% R&D tax credit.

        It's attractive, but CEE states like Poland and Czechia can (and often do) match that.

        The biggest attraction for Ireland is the fact that everyone speaks English in Ireland, and Irish tax and corporate legal firms have worked with American firms since the 1990s, which reduces the headache.

        > Or to 0.005% if you're Apple

        Which ended in 2014, yet Ireland still remains attractive for tech FDI.

        At the end of the day, Ireland executed much better than it's developmental peers in the 1990s (Spain, Czechia, Russia, Ukraine, Cyprus, Greece, Argentine, and Libya in 1991 based on HDI) simply because it was much more business friendly.

        [0] - https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/ireland-digi...

        • Hamuko 2 hours ago

          >Ireland's corporate tax rate is 12.5% but drops to 6.25% if it's qualified R&D and IP income with an added 35% R&D tax credit.

          Or to 0.005% if you're Apple.

          >The Commission's investigation concluded that Ireland granted illegal tax benefits to Apple, which enabled it to pay substantially less tax than other businesses over many years. In fact, this selective treatment allowed Apple to pay an effective corporate tax rate of 1 per cent on its European profits in 2003 down to 0.005 per cent in 2014.

        • stefan_ 2 hours ago

          Telling American multinationals you will have them pay 0 tax isn't exactly a "tax policy" as such.

          • infinite_spin an hour ago

            A parking structure owned by a shopping center might offer free parking in order to drive business goals. That's as much a policy as it would be if they were to charge a fee.

  • thewanderer1983 an hour ago

    Guzzles or sensibly sips?

  • mrb an hour ago

    Ah the old "country's worth of electricity" comparison... Keep in mind that Ireland's entire electricity needs could be covered by a one nuclear power plant (3.8 GW with 4 reactors). IOW, you could offload all Irish datacenters by connecting them to a single nuclear power reactor (~900 MW), a small building that has a footprint of under 50 x 50 meters for the reactor, and another of 100 x 50 meters for the generator.

    • testing22321 an hour ago

      Sweet. Start building TODAY and it will be done in nothing less than 20 years for nothing less than $20 BILLION.

      What should they do in the meantime?

      • hunterpayne an hour ago

        Sure, $1B for the plant and $19B for the lawyers. Korea and China build them in 4 years for about $1B each. This is entirely self-inflicted by people who are completely scientifically illiterate.

      • mrb an hour ago

        Or Ireland can import electricity from France TODAY as we export on average 10 GW continuously, and most of it is already generated by nuclear :-)