Total surface area required to fuel the world with solar (2009)

(landartgenerator.org)

35 points | by robtherobber 5 days ago ago

46 comments

  • dalyons 2 hours ago

    The square km the US uses to grow corn for ethanol is about ~~ 1/3rd the total global area required for solar in this article. Ethanol that is a gigantic waste of resources.

    They seem like big numbers until you compare it with the enormity of what we already do.

    • mdf 2 hours ago

      Yes, and the corn-based ethanol here is used for "feeding cars" that have combustion engines, i.e. it's already used exactly for energy production. The most recent Technology Connections video[1] quoted some numbers on this. All this land dedicated to disposable energy production could be dedicated to renewable energy production instead.

      [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KtQ9nt2ZeGM

      • marc_g an hour ago

        Such an unfathomable waste when you put it in the context of “feeding cars”. I really appreciated the way this channel broke down this viewpoint. Made me want to finally get some panels for my balcony.

      • ytpete 19 minutes ago

        Your main point still stands, but aren't both of them renewable? Corn is a renewable resource, thus ethanol derived from it is too. It's just seemingly a much less efficient renewable fuel for powering a car compared to solar.

      • nosuchthing an hour ago

        upwards of 60% of the ethanol used in combustion engines is completely wasted.

        • riffraff an hour ago

          What does "wasted" mean in this context?

          • weaksauce an hour ago

            i assume heat since most energy in an ICE engine is wasted to heat (~60% wasted iirc)

    • nandomrumber an hour ago

      The USA grows something more like 121,000 square kilometres of corn for ethanol.

      Or about 30 million acres if you’re in to that sort of thing.

      https://www.wri.org/insights/increased-biofuel-production-im...

    • stephenr an hour ago

      Add in concepts like agrivoltaics and that land could still be productive as arable farmland while it also produces clean energy.

    • burnt-resistor 2 hours ago

      Yep. 5% of all US land is dedicated to just growing subsidized corn.

      • nandomrumber an hour ago

        Most of that land probably isn’t useful for much else, in a productive economic sense.

        • adrianN an hour ago

          Except for solar panels. If the corn is subsidized, then the land is not economically productive right now.

          • nandomrumber 36 minutes ago

            Realistically, can we expect anyone to want to build out solar without subsidies?

            • adrianN 21 minutes ago

              Lots of people do today. Solar is profitable without subsidies.

  • AnotherGoodName 2 hours ago

    A long article, about rising prices driven by fossil fuel costs but also a lot of positivity as you read towards the end and a sudden sharp downturn that’s coming to Australias power prices. Australia’s wholesale power prices halved in q4 2025 due to massive solar and battery investment that on a per capita basis dwarfs china. Australia is now over 50% renewables. It’s set to accelerate too.

    https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-02-08/big-swings-in-austral...

    So at least one continent in this picture is making great progress to achieving this.

    • riffraff 44 minutes ago

      The EU had wind + solar overtake fossil fuels last year too.

      Fossil fuels are now less than 30% of electricity generation.

      Alas, there's a ton more burning which is not electricity, but progress is undeniable

      https://ember-energy.org/latest-insights/european-electricit...

    • nandomrumber 2 hours ago

      > wholesale power prices halved

      Who cares?

      No one pays the wholesale price.

      What price does the retail customer pay?

      • Retric 2 hours ago

        Retail prices obscure the underlying economics via taxes and subsidies.

        Here the wholesale prices are far more relevant economically.

        • nandomrumber an hour ago

          Indeed.

          Still, what good is free energy to anyone if the retail price has only one trajectory.

          If politics is a significant cost factor, no amount of technology is going to fix that.

          Or, as Jimmy Carr put it: But you go, yeah, you can have net zero, as long as you don't give a fuck about poor people, right? If you don't give a fuck about poor people, of course we can do net zero. - https://youtu.be/H3FwqPkPSHE

          • adrianN 25 minutes ago

            Poor people are hit hardest by the effects of climate change.

      • adrianN an hour ago

        The more power you consume the closer to wholesale is your price. I’m sure Aluminium smelters or fertilizer plants care a lot about wholesale prices.

      • irishcoffee an hour ago

        Green isn't supposed to save people money. It's just a shift from bit oil to big green if you're interested in the money part.

  • hliyan 3 hours ago

    I felt this was telling:

    > The typical golf course covers about a square kilometer. We have 40,000 of them around the world being meticulously maintained. If the same could be said for solar farms we would be almost 10% of the way there.

    To me, it's one of many ways in which markets fail to allocate resources to the most pressing problems.

    • chongli 2 hours ago

      Markets allocate resources based on supply and demand. Individuals don’t demand solutions to diffuse problems. It’s tragedy of the commons every time.

      • roenxi 2 hours ago

        > Individuals don’t demand solutions to diffuse problems

        Markets solve diffuse problems really well, people signal how much their section of the problem is worth solving and the market judges whether the overall problem can be solved cost effectively. Getting food to everyone is a diffuse problem for example.

        Tragedy of the commons is different. Markets don't solve how to solve owning things in common and the usual market recommendation is not to do that.

      • hliyan an hour ago

        I think you have misunderstood the term "tragedy of the commons", which is a phenomenon distinct from a market failure. Also, "markets allocate resources based on supply and demand" is, I believe an oversimplification one should not carry beyond Economics 101. If that were sufficient to explain the totality of market behavior, especially at large scale, then the remainder of the discipline of economics need not exist.

      • dotancohen 2 hours ago

        How much money does a golf course bring in yearly? How onerous are the regulations?

        How much money would a solar farm bring in yearly? How onerous would the regulations be?

        • ytpete 17 minutes ago

          Also what is the capitol cost to stand up a golf course vs. a solar farm of equal size? I would imagine solar requires locking up a much larger investment.

      • edwcross 2 hours ago

        Nice expression, but the book by the same name is fatally flawed in its science.

    • bawolff 2 hours ago

      I don't think its lack of land that is preventing 10% of our energy coming from solar. Do you really believe that without golf courses there, the land would be used for solar instead?

      • adrianN 23 minutes ago

        Lack of land where you’re permitted to build solar is actually a real problem.

    • burnt-resistor 2 hours ago

      There is no magic hand, only a Tragedy of the Commons and greedy individuals doing whatever. (Federally, there is at present time little-to-no prosecution of fraudsters or tax cheats. Economically, it's basically The Purge.)

      Appropriate regulations and enforcement is what is missing but ⅔ of country is brainwashed by billionaires and Fox News that "gubberment bad" and "regulations are communism".

    • pfdietz 3 hours ago

      Land is cheap, so why not golf courses?

      • perilunar an hour ago

        Not in cities (where most people live) it isn't

  • veleek 2 hours ago

    There’s an updated article as of Aug 2021 too: https://landartgenerator.org/blagi/archives/77565

  • epistasis 2 hours ago

    The biggest impediment to clean energy, which is actually cheaper than fossil fuels, is politics. We have political interference at the highest level to impede solar, storage, and wind.

    In the US, residential solar is 5x-6x more expensive than in Australia per W, i.e. on identical system costs, not on what's generated. And they pay their labor better than we do in the US at the same time. It's because of a lot of regulatory and utility interference, and a laundry list of other things:

    https://www.volts.wtf/p/whats-the-real-story-with-australian

    This is the headline from a non-partisan energy media outlet when it comes to wind: " How Trump dismantled a promising energy industry — and what America lost---The demolition of the offshore wind sector in 2025 will reverberate for decades, resulting in lost jobs, higher utility bills, and less reliable power grids."

    https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/offshore-wind/how-trump...

    And when it comes to batteries, people that don't care about the effects of mining or oil extraction or toxicity of gasoline all of a sudden start to get all worked up about supposedly "toxic" lithium batteries, because they've consumed a ton of propaganda on the matter, and no facts. People also seem to think that we somehow burn lithium, instead of mine it once, and use a tiny amount (dozens of pounds) to power an entire car, which can then be recycled.

    And I can't tell you how many times I've been told that we can't do solar because it takes "too much land" or "physics" by people that pretend to be good with numbers but have never figured out how to calculate the actual requirementns by solar...

    This is a US-specific comment, but the rest of the world is not as foolish and is plowing full-steam ahead to a world of ever decreasing energy costs because they are not stopping the progress of better technology.

  • Towaway69 3 hours ago

    It seems that a project like this would require more cooperation -

    https://aeon.co/essays/we-cooperate-to-survive-but-if-no-one...

    But cooperation only occurs when the entire group is at risk, that isn’t the case currently.

  • 2 hours ago
    [deleted]
  • biggerben 2 hours ago

    Nitpick: if you’re trying to illustrate sizes of things, you should use an equal-area map projection.

    The Southern Ocean wind installation is to the right scale or not?

  • perilunar 40 minutes ago

    The key point: we can power everything with less than half the land than we have build on or paved over.

  • janesvilleseo 2 hours ago

    I’ll just leave this here for those who have some time to watch: https://youtu.be/KtQ9nt2ZeGM?si=MBVdiOpSdgmGaar5

  • 131hn an hour ago

    what’s the current, cumulative size of all housing, private home, apartments building roof surface ?

  • plun9 2 hours ago

    Too bad most people don't live close to those specific areas.

  • swolios an hour ago

    Many of the resources consumed to make electricity at the scale we are talking replacing the production of those resources create the other resources used to for various other things

    e.g. diesel(heating oil), jet fuel, gasoline, plastics, asphalt, etc

    There is a balance of these.

    This also doesn't take into account the extra electricity needed to replace the alternative heating methods in the home that utilize these other materials we're abandoning