Android/Linux Dual Boot

(wiki.postmarketos.org)

141 points | by joooscha 3 days ago ago

73 comments

  • toastal 5 hours ago

    This will become increasingly important as Google has boiled the frog too fast while trying to force its new store policies + banning sideloading; however, all of the pieces are now in place for them to try again in a year or 2, which history shows us they will. It’s certainly time to start toying with Linux phones if you haven’t already. This year I picked up an Xperia 10 to flash Sailfish OS on—which has rough edges (many of the hardware issues should be fixed in the next release), but Android App support bridges some of the gaps in application support.

    • 24t 3 hours ago

      > sideloading

      It's called installing. Language matters and I see no reason to concede this point in Google's favour.

      • griffzhowl 2 hours ago

        I agree with the ethos but "banning installing" wouldn't have been correct here.

        There should be terminology for installing from the source of your choice which doesn't carry the marginal or sinister connotations of "sideloading" though.

        "Freeloading" would have been a good one but... yeah

        • green7ea 15 minutes ago

          Wouldn't it be accurate to say that you can no longer install apps on your phone, only Google can?

        • 24t 2 hours ago

          I'm not suggesting a drop-in replacement within that context, just that widening the definition of sideloading does us no favours

          'installing from beyond the walled garden' would be a nice fit here imo

        • cuu508 33 minutes ago

          "banning installing from anywhere but play store"

        • graemep an hour ago

          "Freely installing"?

      • cbolton 3 hours ago

        You can also install through the Play store. Sideloading is more specific.

        • devsda 3 hours ago

          Like hacking, sideloading is now a loaded & misunderstood term. It is considered as something only nerds or bad actors do.

          Let's just call it alternate install.

          • rkachowski 22 minutes ago

            Or "open install", correctly implying the alternative is closed.

          • mrighele 3 hours ago

            Or manual install.

            • exe34 2 hours ago

              How about calling the other one "installing from the play store"? installing was there first.

              • miroljub 2 hours ago

                Exactly. Let's invent a word for "installing from play store". Playstoring?

                So we can rewrite the story to something like: Google wants to prohibit app installation on Android phones. The only way to get an app would be through playstoring.

                • the_gipsy 44 minutes ago

                  Restricted installing

                • exe34 2 hours ago

                  how about "dogmatize" - I dogmatized this app from the play store.

              • fainpul 2 hours ago

                Corpoloading

        • engeljohnb 3 hours ago

          I can install on my Fedora laptop through dnf. I've never felt like I needed a new word to describe downloading and running an AppImage. Why would phones be different?

          • tonyhart7 2 hours ago

            well because its not allowed to "install" from third party sources (atleast not yet)

            google has control on their android ecosystem behave, same reason why its not allowed in playstation or xbox or ios

            • engeljohnb an hour ago

              The whole selling point of Android up until now was that it allowed you to install any app you want.

              The point of the above comment is that Google intentionally introduced the word "sideload" to make "installing an app on your own device which Google did not curate" sound more risky and sinister than it is, and I'm inclined to agree.

              I "make" coffee on my keurig. If Keurig decides that making any single-serve coffe pods that aren't owned by the Keurig brand is now called "off-brewing," I'd dismiss it as ridiculous and continue calling it "making coffee."

              We should use the language that makes sense, not the language that happens be good PR for google.

              • tonyhart7 an hour ago

                "The whole selling point of Android up until now was that it allowed you to install any app you want."

                we can debate whether this is bad thing or good thing, it would have no ends

                what matters is reality, the reality is google have the right to change it.

                • Zak 11 minutes ago

                  Calling something a right is an assertion about morality; it implies that a law to the contrary would be a violation of that right.

                  I do not believe an an OS vendor with an app store has a right to limit alternate distribution channels or that a government does something wrong by restricting such practices as unfair competition.

                  • tonyhart7 8 minutes ago

                    "I do not believe an an OS vendor with an app store has a right to limit alternate distribution channels or that a government does something wrong by restricting such practices as unfair competition."

                    but its not illegal and wrong tho???? if this is probihited then xbox,playstation,nintendo,ios etc would be fined already

                    unironically android is still more "open" in all of its competitor even after all of this

                • engeljohnb 37 minutes ago

                  You've changed the subject. We were discussing whether one ought to use Google's term for it, or the term that's been used to describe this action since (I assume) the beginning of personal computing. Not whether Google is legally allowed to make the change.

                  My reason for bringing up the "selling point" was to bring attention to the language -- "You can install any app you want" has always been the common refrain when I see friends get into a debate about IOS vs Android. People are already using the term because it makes the most sense.

                  • tonyhart7 12 minutes ago

                    "You can install any app you want"

                    the asnwer is not anymore

        • makeitdouble 3 hours ago

          Would you make the same distinction on a mac when installing Photoshop from the Adobe installer vs installing KeyNote from the MacStore ?

      • geokon 3 hours ago

        Doesn't feel like any conspiracy.. Isn't sideloading installing through adb instead of from the system itself? (by clicking on an APK or using an app Store like Xiaomi/Googled/Huawei/Fdroid)

        "Side" being.. from your computer

        • slightwinder an hour ago

          No, on android, it always meant installing an APK directly, without a store-app. You can use ADB, but you also can just download the APK on your device and install it locally with your browser or filemanager.

        • 24t 2 hours ago

          Yes but fdroid is facing restrictions while adb is not

          • geokon 2 hours ago

            sure, google is trying to cash in. not saying theyre nice people. but the handwringing over semantics and suggesting Google has a master plan to abuse vocabular just sounds ridiculous

    • tapia 5 hours ago

      I just bought a second Fairphone 4 just to play a bit with pmOS. I'm really surprised by the state it is. It's not fully usable as a daily driver yet, but with some work it can get there. Waydroid works also pretty good. Of course, the major problem are banking apps and similar. I hope that some progress can be done in this direction. And, who needs working audio, if you can have python and git in your phone!? :P

      • pbmonster 4 hours ago

        > Waydroid works also pretty good.

        Did you test apps that need sensors and notifications? If I want to run an OpenStreetmaps apk (there's no good way to run OMS on Linux natively), do I get GPS and compass heading? Do I get turn-by-turn navigation? Even if the app is in the background?

        • Ghoelian 3 hours ago

          Organic Maps has a flatpak, though oddly they don't refer to a desktop app on their website anywhere so idk how trustworthy this is.

          Unfortunately CoMaps doesn't seem to have desktop client builds at all yet.

      • toastal 5 hours ago

        I made a partition for Nix on mine so I have all the tools I need while not relying on Jolla to package things (the installable package list is quite barren). My audio works from the speakers, but the patches to make the headphone jack (something you Fairphone users no longer know of :P) work won’t come til the next release. For banks, I just use cash or log into the website on my laptop if required—while I will refuse goods/services that require an apps to the fullest extent possible (couldn’t get around TicketMaster which was a real blood-boiler beyond just the “phone required” aspect).

        • tapia 10 minutes ago

          Yes, I think that just trying to use services that don't require special mobile apps can get you a long way. It is sometimes difficult, but now I'm beginning to move more in this direction :)

    • palata 4 hours ago

      What I never get is: why not prepare to fork AOSP? I like the security model of AOSP :-).

      • realusername 4 hours ago

        Some people (like myself) prefer the desktop userland which is more familiar and works like you would expect as opposed to the android quirks.

        eOS is basically what you are looking for for most phones or GrapheneOS (pixel only)

      • charcircuit 4 hours ago

        That's already happening today.

        https://grapheneos.org/

        But for the reason an antiquated os like postmarketos are suggested is that the project is being opportunistic thinking this is a chance they can be relevant. Additionally, the population of HN has more sentimental view on these legacy operating systems and view it as a chance to go back to the past and use software they are familiar with.

        • dugite-code 3 hours ago

          I really wanted to like Graphene OS but I ended up bouncing off it due to a few major pain points that badly effected battery life.

          - Using the default 5g setting resulted in far worse battery life than stock, telling people to choose 4g isn't a solution. They desperately need something like the adaptive connectivity service.

          - Using Homeassistant's GPS tracking feature just destroyed the battery life, even switching to 4g didn't solve this issue. Changing all the GPS settings didn't help either.

          - The obnoxious green GPS active icon makes the notification bar useless if using a GPS tracking app (or even gps navigation). The request for a whitelist was either ignored or rejected, the teams communication can come off a bit rough.

          No normal user is going to be happy with Grapheneos. From what I've seen postmarketos is much more user friendly.

          • jstanley 13 minutes ago

            I don't know what to say about your battery life issue, other than that I don't have any such problems.

            What's obnoxious about the green GPS icon? How does it make the notification bar useless? It is on all the time while I'm using Google Maps, it's small and not in the way and is a good reminder if I have accidentally left Google Maps open in the background. What's the problem?

          • Ghoelian 3 hours ago

            I don't recognise the 5g battery life issues personally. I do 100% agree the GPS thing is such a bad decision. It just becomes noise that no one pays attention to anymore.

            I ended up using my public ip address in combination with a list of known ips for home and work and such, and building my HA automations around that. I wanted to do it with wifi SSID's, but that also requires the location permission and triggers the indicator (which is understandable, just wish I could still read SSID's with location services disabled entirely) (or, just let me disable the gps antenna and leave everything else).

            • dugite-code 3 hours ago

              It certainly could be something else other than 5g but it's one of the first things that gets thrown around when battery drain is mentioned and the mobile internet was the main user of power on the phone.

          • palata 3 hours ago

            > No normal user is going to be happy with Grapheneos.

            I am a normal user, extremely happy with GrapheneOS. I just don't use HomeAssistant, which seems to have been your dealbreaker in this case.

            I genuinely don't see a difference between Stock Android and GrapheneOS, except that I get more updates and I have more privacy controls (like scopes, but honestly I haven't had a need to use them yet).

            • rs186 18 minutes ago

              I'd wager nobody on HN is a normal user. If you know what AOSP is, you are already way too nerdy to qualify.

            • dugite-code 3 hours ago

              You are very fortunate for not hitting any edge cases, but sorry anyone commenting here typically isn't anywhere near to what you could call a "normal user". I ran into quite few minor issues with the enhanced security settings, my partner would never been able to figure out the solution to that issue and I consider them a normal user.

              Not to mention the 5g battery drain is a hard show stopper, not just Homeassistant issues. I even experimented with different apps like owntracks but same problem with GPS.

              I found a solution to the GPS icon but it requires an ADB command so not a great fix.

        • MYEUHD 4 hours ago

          > That's already happening today.

          That's not a hard fork. They always rebase on top of AOSP when there's a new AOSP source release

          • palata 3 hours ago

            There is no reason to hard fork, as long as Google contributes to AOSP without breaking it.

            Regulators in the US decided that Android did not have to be split from Google, but they could theoretically decide that Google is not allowed to break AOSP to gain a competitive advantage. Not that it would matter: TooBigTech is too powerful to care about regulations anyway.

          • charcircuit 3 hours ago

            It doesn't have to be. Most of Android is fine.

          • realusername 3 hours ago

            Nobody really want a hard fork, if you can't run Android apps, you might as well use a Linux distribution.

            • palata 3 hours ago

              Well the idea would be to run Android apps on the hard fork :-).

              • realusername 3 hours ago

                If you can run Android apps then you need the same behavior as AOSP or I'm missing something?

                If you don't rebase from AOSP, the apps won't run pretty quickly.

        • m4rtink 3 hours ago

          How is Postmarket OS antiquated ? Its just a standard Linux distro (unlike anything Android based).

          • charcircuit 3 hours ago

            At least in regards to the security model, it is decades out of date. For example any app can listen to your microphone and spy on you at anytime. Programs can act as ransomeware or destroy all of your files. Stealers can steal your login credentials and access tokens for all your sites including banking ones.

            • zorked 3 hours ago

              I think people don't realize how inadequate the Unix security model is.

            • seba_dos1 an hour ago

              ...except in virtually any case where you'd run something untrusted there you'd use Flatpak or something similar where what you wrote doesn't apply.

              • tom_alexander 26 minutes ago

                > untrusted

                I think the important distinction is _everything_ should be considered untrusted because even trustworthy software can become malicious. For example, the XZ Utils backdoor[0].

                On Android, everything I run is subject to the permission model and sandboxed. That is not the case on Linux.

                [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XZ_Utils_backdoor

                • seba_dos1 23 minutes ago

                  It's not the case on Android either and it could be subjected to a XZ-like backdoor just as anything else.

                  • tom_alexander 4 minutes ago

                    Could you be more specific on how to circumvent the android permission model + sandbox? So far I have only thought of two ways an XZ-like backdoor could circumvent that:

                    1. By being baked into the OS itself, which is unavoidable since the OS is the thing providing the sandboxing + security model. It still massively reduces the attack surface.

                    2. By being run through the android debug bridge, which is far from normal and something users have to explicitly enable. Leaving you the option to shoot yourself in the foot in an opt-in manner 99.9% of users will never touch isn't the same as Linux where foot-shooting is the default.

            • j45 2 hours ago

              Meaning, it's a way to keep old hardware running linux instead of being a phone.

        • rcxdude 3 hours ago

          or they already have hardware which postmarketOS supports and grapheneOS does not (or they would just prefer that hardware)

  • dotancohen 5 hours ago

    The wiki has instructions for the N900! Not everything works, but it appears to be a work in progress.

  • jimangel2001 4 hours ago

    I installed PmOS on my old Xiaomi redmi note 9 with KDE Plasma Desktop. It works remarkably well, with the exception of sound. I am using it as a full Linux PC when I am on the go with my large power bank and a full sized folding keyboard/track pad.

    For my use case it's beyond great, albeit the small screen and the aarch architecture I can develop small projects as if I was on my PC.

    My current phone OP13r doesn't is supported yet by PmOS, when someone does it Im gonna try to install it on one of the slots.

  • jojobas 5 hours ago

    It's a shame phones didn't get anything similar to BIOS back in a day.

    Imagine if every laptop manufacturer had not a couple of incompatible sensors, but a whole unique boot system only allowing you to boot a crippled version of Windows ME.

    • mjg59 5 hours ago

      There's a lot of UEFI in the phone ecosystem, it's not the BIOS later that's missing - it's the ACPI layer.

      • snuxoll 5 hours ago

        Yeah, the requirement to build and provide device trees for most mobile devices is the huge issue. For all of the garbage we have gotten from buggy ass ACPI tables on assorted PC’s, it’s absolutely true that it solved a lot of headaches with hardware discovery/enumeration.

        It’s really too bad that ARM had adopted ACPI as part of their SystemReady certification. It does work, and not reinventing the wheel is always a wise where feasible, but I think we could absolutely push something better.

      • mschuster91 2 hours ago

        I've never seen UEFI in any mainstream Android device.

        The problem is... in the x86 world, even the most modern systems around still ship with decades of garbage. INT 10h and VBE, every x86 system still speaks it - either directly in the card, or emulated in BIOS/UEFI compatibility layers, so even a basic "hello world" can get video output, 09h/16h gives you keyboard input, 13h gives you disk I/O, 14h a serial port.

        That means that at least the initial bringup for a second-stage bootloader is incredibly easy, less than 40 lines of assembler code [1]. And when you write a tiny operating system, as long as you're content with that basic foundation of 640x480 and text output, it will run on any x86 compatible PC or server.

        On anything ARM, that's outright impossible to do and that is a large part of the problem. ARM is power efficient, but it comes at a serious cost. The low level bringup will be handled by the board's ROM, similar to PC BIOS/EFI, but after control is passed to the OS it gets different - all the OS gets is the devicetree stating "here's the memory addresses and interfaces of the hardware in the system", but you still need to write drivers for each and every individual thing from the bottom up, there is no framework for even most basic hardware interactions.

        [1] https://gist.github.com/MyCatShoegazer/38dc3ee7db9627ff3a20e...

  • metalman 2 hours ago

    google/android/apple/microsft are fighting for there lives, as there is no reason for there continued existance all the important types of comunications can be hard coded into chips and operate free of any external OS, everything else is two way media, 95% of which can be handled on local networks what big tech is trying to build is something alien to human needs, false promises and enticements, faked up ideals bases on faked up images and outright lies served by monsterous AI data farms that look more and more like the set of "the matrix" the issue with that, is that it is essentialy empty and boring, demanding that the viewer suspends ANY judgement or discernment and further defend this completly impossible and artificial media creation as real. litteral zombies.

    • wiseowise 2 hours ago

      But have you thought about shareholder value?