Why did people rub snow on frozen feet? (2017)

(outdoors.stackexchange.com)

36 points | by naberhausj 3 hours ago ago

36 comments

  • schiffern 2 hours ago

    Perhaps it got started with people misunderstanding / misremembering drying off by rubbing snow on wet skin. Being wet in cold conditions can be a death sentence so you need to dry off quickly, and this is one of the recommended methods.

    https://www.ncexped.com/drying-off-snow/

    • crazygringo 2 hours ago

      Oh wow, that's counterintuitive until you remember that snow basically works like a sponge. So as long as it starts out cold enough and you're quick enough, the snow can soak up water before it melts and gets you wet all over again.

  • AlotOfReading 43 minutes ago

    I can easily see where you would get the idea to rub snow on the tissue from my own experiences with second degree frostbite. I did lukewarm water and that hurt. It felt like my hands were going to explode. Every impulse was screaming that it was exactly the wrong thing to do and I should go back outside where the pain was less.

    • steve_adams_86 3 minutes ago

      I had the same experience. I stepped into a hot shower with frostbite in two of my toes (just half of my big toe and bit of the the next toe over) and I inadvertently screamed and fell over, ripping the shower curtain down and everything. I wanted out badly. There’s no aching sensation quite like it that I’ve experienced. I’d definitely fail the gom jabbar.

      I still can’t feel anything in that side of my big toe, and it occasionally throbs mildly and I think of how incredibly painful serious and extensive frostbite would really be.

  • cyberax 2 hours ago

    One thing to keep in mind, is that if somebody is hypothermic and not just frostbitten, then rapid re-warming is a bad idea.

    Body protects itself by shutting down blood flow to skin and extremities, keeping the core warm. So if the extremities are rapidly re-warmed, then blood vessels in them dilate. And then blood starts flowing through oxygen-depleted tissues that are cold and full of accumulated metabolic waste.

    Not a good combination, and you might end up with organ damage as a result.

    Gradual re-warming instead gives the body time to slowly clear the waste as blood flow re-establishes itself.

    • Etheryte 2 hours ago

      This is interesting, I was taught that instead of the metabolic waste, the issue was the cold blood from extremities quickly cooling down the internals once allowed to circulate freely. Do you have any references for this?

      • dotancohen 2 hours ago

        What it's worth, we were taught the same thing about people crushed under e.g. rubble in combat medic training 20 years ago. And the same consideration applies to removing a tourniquet that had been in place for over two hours as well.

      • cyberax 2 hours ago

        That was a part of my training for snow rescues. It's probably a combination of both.

  • sdwr 3 hours ago

    I believe the logic is to heat gently through friction, and to promote blood circulation through manipulation.

    Warming up cold body parts is painful, so maybe it's about distracting from the pain as well.

    • bongodongobob 3 hours ago

      Yeah it's extremely painful. I jumped into a frozen lake years ago and ran to a shower afterwards. Turned on the water, just slightly warm and it felt like my fingers and toes got smashed by a hammer.

      • WarOnPrivacy 2 hours ago

        A friend was a Vietnamese POW. The first torture done was to tourniquet his upper arms until they colored to black and then loose the bindings (repeatedly).

        Returning circulation is much more brutal than it might sound.

        • mistrial9 2 hours ago

          ok that is terrible, but note that gently slowing circulation to arms or legs and then returning circulation is a simple theraputic action that has been used for millennia

      • renewiltord 2 hours ago

        Some spas have this if you’d like to mimic it mildly. Aire in London has a very cool pool from which you can go to a very hot pool. I really enjoy the pins and needles effect.

  • incognito124 3 hours ago

    I've experienced rapid warming of hands when handling snow without gloves. Maybe it's the same mechanism?

    • pablobaz 2 hours ago

      What you are seeing is probably cold induced vasodilation

      https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4843861/

      Incidentally there are some studies that show you get better at it with more frequent exposure. I have kayaked for many years and have found this to be the case - if my hands get cold now, dipping them into the water to further cool then hence opening the veins is very effective if counterintuitive way of warming my hands up.

    • DidYaWipe 2 hours ago

      After handling snow I've noticed this too. My hands are often cold by default, but if I handle snow it's as if the coldness crosses some threshold and your body says, OK, that's over the line! We're sending help!

  • aaron695 3 hours ago

    They are as dumb as HN users, would you not just look up old medical texts?

    https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/248760861 (1953)

      This must be done very slowly. The longer the part has been exposed to the cold the longer must be the time taken over restoring the circulation.
      Applying warmth, for instance, would almost certainly set up moist gangrene. Normal treatment would be to place the patient in a cold room and rub the frozen extremities with snow.
    
    What did the Germans say on this. This was obviously part of their concentration camp experiments.

    (1951) Don't rub snow, don't use heat. Experimenting with drugs - https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/139910391

    It's a good example of how slowly information moved pre-internet society.

  • DiscourseFan 3 hours ago

    Yeah but clearly people wouldn’tve been doing it if it hadn’t worked, so what is the reason for trying that specific traditional method?

    • robbiep 3 hours ago

      Without being overly condescending, you do realise that most of the things that have been done throughout history, along with many we still do, are the result of cultural practice and have no evidence base whatsoever?

      Whilst 1956 seems to be a fairly late date to stop what would seem in the surface to be a counter intuitive practice, 80 years earlier blood letting was still in vogue

      • WarOnPrivacy 2 hours ago

        Butter on burns was passed down to my mom. I let that one die off with her generation.

        • aspenmayer 2 hours ago

          You might look into it to see if there’s something special about butter versus other oils/fats that may make butter specifically good for burns, but I understand that as keeping the air off of the burn, similarly to how oxygen tents work.

        • crazygringo 2 hours ago

          I dunno, I can see logic to that.

          Today we apply petroleum jelly (Vaseline, Neosporin, etc.) over skin to help it heal, but butter is basically going to do the same thing of keeping in moisture.

          • buescher 19 minutes ago

            I wonder if cultured butters of the past also might have had anti-microbial properties.

          • aspenmayer 2 hours ago

            I think the reasoning with topical coatings for burns is actually something to do with avoiding gases touching the burned area, which is why they use oxygen tents for people with severe burns over a large area. Petroleum jelly and other similar products block the air from touching the burn also.

            • kstrauser an hour ago

              Nope. It's to form a barrier to keep bacteria out, with the downside that it also traps bacteria in.

              Also, oxygen's a gas.

              • aspenmayer an hour ago

                I find that oils such as petroleum jelly or olive oil do provide pain relief for burns. I can only speculate as to the method of action, but I’m clearly not the only one. Apparently even air movement or contact can cause pain to burns due to the exposure of the dermis, and possibly other reasons.

                > Also, oxygen's a gas.

                Yeah, I think it must be carbon dioxide or some other gas that is naturally occurring in the atmosphere that causes the painful sensation, otherwise they wouldn’t use specifically oxygen?

      • exe34 3 hours ago

        people still pray to personal gods to this day, expecting them to prioritise their petty little lives while others are suffering/dying of things that could be trivially solved with a bit of knowledge and technology.

        • tharkun__ 13 minutes ago

          And people "manifest" and somehow don't wonder why randomly "it works" or "doesn't work".

          "Must've done something wrong while manifesting this time :shrug:"

          :facepalm: !!!!!1111eleven

    • norgie 3 hours ago

      This was addressed in the accepted answer:

      > rapid rewarming from open campfires or other sources of dry heat caused so much devastation.....Dry heat from ....open fires....cannot be controlled. Excessively high temperatures are usually produced, resulting in a combined burn and frostbite, a devasting injury that leads to far greater tissue loss.

      Sounds like it was an overreaction to applying excessive heat to the frostbitten tissue.

    • bqmjjx0kac 3 hours ago

      > people wouldn’tve been doing it if it hadn’t worked

      That's a bold claim!

      • krisoft 3 hours ago

        Yeah. Maybe someone who got rubbed with snow got randomly better completely unrelated to the treatment and then superstition run wild with that coincidence.

        Or maybe people understood initially that you should do the rubbing next to a fire. And then the rubbing only has positive efect because it lets the person administering it feel when the heat is too much, and naturally adjusts the distance to prevent burns or injury from too fast warming up.

        Or maybe someone told people to do it because they thought it might help and never bothered to check if it does anything or not.

        Or maybe people did know it does nothing but there was no other option and doing something about the injury felt better than doing nothing.

        Maybe it was doing mechanically nothing but the care and personal touch had a beneficial effect due to placebo.

        Maybe it made the injury worse, thus more likely that they amputated and paradoxically that saved the injured from worse outcomes like gangrene.

        There is so many other possibility than “if they did it it must have worked”. Who knows.

    • riccardomc 3 hours ago
    • unclad5968 3 hours ago

      The only thing I can find is that heating too fast might cause gangrene.

    • hiatus 3 hours ago

      > Yeah but clearly people wouldn’tve been doing it if it hadn’t worked

      Like bloodletting, leeches, lobotomies...

      • WarOnPrivacy 2 hours ago

        Oddly, electroconvulsive therapy seemes to have panned out.

    • JumpCrisscross 3 hours ago

      > people wouldn’tve been doing it if it hadn’t worked

      Now do trepanation and corpse medicine.

      Like, look around you. We’re a stupid species. Not consistently. But a lot. We’ve always been a bunch of apes banging around.